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The purpose of the present study was to examine the direct and indirect relationship of emotional intelligence with mental health and academic performance through the mediating role of resiliency and self-efficacy. The population of this research consists of all the first-grade students of Medical Sciences in Jundi Shapur Medical University in 2012-2013 academic years. From this population, a sample consisting of 314 students were selected using stratified random sampling method. The research instruments were Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), Resilience Inventory (CD-RIS), General Self-efficacy Questionnaire (SA-GSEQ), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The data were analyzed by path analysis, SPSS-18 and AMOS-7 software. The results showed that direct relationships of emotional intelligence with resiliency, emotional intelligence with self-efficacy, emotional intelligence with mental health, and self-efficacy with mental health were significant. But, direct relationships of resiliency with academic performance, resiliency with mental health, emotional intelligence with academic performance and self-efficacy with academic performance were not significant. In addition, the results indicated that the indirect relationship of emotional intelligence with academic performance by the mediating role of resiliency and self-efficacy was not significant. But, the indirect relationship between emotional intelligence with mental health by the mediating role of resiliency and self-efficacy was significant